Before discussing the advances in bone marrow transplantation, it’s necessary to know what a bone marrow transplant is, and why it is necessary. India is the third-largest blood cancer count in the world. In comparison, the number of cancer facilities is limited, performing just 2000 transplants annually. Another crucial factor to keep in mind is that each year, more than 10,000 blood cancer patients are diagnosed, therefore creating a gaping demand-supply mismatch. read also about : Hysterectomy Forcep
There are many forms of cancer, and each type is unique. There are more than 250 types of cancer, including breast, prostate, and lung cancer. There are 16 different forms of breast cancer, and each type’s therapy, prognosis, and genetic makeup are unique. Several blood cancers can be treated with radiation therapy or medication alone. Blood cancers can come in 30–40 varieties, and each form is treated differently.
Chemotherapy
Over time, there have been several improvements made to bone marrow transplants. Chemotherapy alone can only treat about 30% of blood cancer patients, and using bone marrow transplants can boost this 30% treatment rate to 60% – 70%. New developments like CART cells can help improve the efficacy of the procedure further to about 90% by 2022–2033.
MUD Transplant
Recent developments ensure that a match can occur with a donation from an unrelated donor if the bone marrow does not match with siblings or blood relatives. The experts can now execute a transplant using an unrelated donor match.
As a result, blood cancer can still be treatable even if you don’t have a sibling or a match through a MUD or a match with an unrelated donor transplant. It takes about three months to carry out a MUD transplant after receiving one from a donor. As a result, the donor pool has increased significantly.
Haplo Transplant
Even if the patient cannot receive a transplant from an unrelated donor who is a match, the transplant is still feasible thanks to the third important advancement in bone marrow transplants. Recent developments make it possible to do a haplo transplant, also known as a half-match transplant, by suppressing the body’s immune system. The haplo transplant can be performed even if a patient cannot find a match from the global registry because 100% of people have a half match from a sibling, mother, father, or someone else.
Memory Cell Treatment
Another latest advancement is the infusion of a memory cell, which sounds more like speculative fiction. Cells must be removed from the body, separated into good memory, or fighting cells that can fight infections, and then captured and returned to the body after the necessary chemotherapy. As a result, where there were previously no cells, these memory cells now shield you from illnesses. T-cell depletion with memory cell infusion is another name for this process. India now has access to the latest advancements at a reasonable price. Most individuals can afford this surgery.
Better infection profiles or more effective medications are another significant development in bone marrow transplantation. Better antibiotics are now readily available, and when used appropriately, can help stop infections and sepsis-related fatalities.
Stem Cell Transplant
The fifth most recent advancement is isolating stem cells, which can now be done from blood plasma rather than bone marrow. Previously, the bone marrow had to be removed, but today, doctors can remove the cells from the blood. Therefore, any donor need not be concerned about anesthesia or undergoing a procedure in an operating room. It is comparable to a quick blood donation process that involves a pinprick. Therefore, this innovation and technology have made the donor’s job easier.
Hematology
The Government of India has recognized hematology and bone marrow transplant as huge resource utilization, the sixth significant advancement in bone marrow therapy. The government now assists sickle cell and thalassemia babies in receiving a bone marrow transplant. India is the destination of choice for receiving a transplant around the world. It is because of the latest medical advancements, better facilities, more accessibility, and better-informed doctors. Bone marrow transplantation is the last option to treat a blood malignancy. However, it is a second-line medication that may be useful in treating infected individuals.
Conclusion
Bone marrow transplantation is a treatment that replaces older bone marrow that isn’t creating sufficient healthy blood cells with blood-forming stem cells. At Max HealthCare Group, more than 100 bone marrow transplants have been conducted. Some of the greatest transplant surgeons in India and the world are in charge of Max HealthCare’s department of hematology and bone marrow transplant.
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